Tetraalkylphosphonium chlorides are readily available on a large scale and currently offered by the Strem Catalog in collaboration with Solvay.
This compilation provides easy access to the key information about these products, including technical notes about the applications and the references which pertain to a particular molecule. Besides the references presented on the Strem Catalog website, it is worthwhile to mention some other key publications.
A number of years ago a series of phosphonium chlorides were prepared from both trioctylphosphine [1] and tributylphosphine [2] and the respective 1-chloroalkanes, CnH2n+1Cl (where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12 or 14). In these publications, the authors systematically studied the properties of the phosphonium chlorides focusing on understanding how n impacts the physical properties such as melting points/glass transition temperatures, thermal stability, density, and viscosity. This information may prove useful for researchers in both academia and industry.
Phosphonium chlorides are amenable to the anion exchange (metathesis) reaction producing an enormous number of new molecules and this well-known aspect is not reviewed here.
Interest in finding new applications for phosphonium chlorides remains unabated and can be exemplified as follows. Recently, CYPHOS® IL 101 was successfully used for the recovery of the technology-critical element Bi(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions [4] as well as studied for the recovery of platinum group metals from spent automotive converters [5]. In another recent publication, CYPHOS® IL 101 was shown to “purify 1-propanol from water with great technical, environmental and economic advantages, in respect of the classical solvents and other ILs researched” [6].
It is obvious that this interest stems from the fact that phosphonium chlorides are readily available and, as it was concluded in one of the reviews [7], “Phosphonium ILs clearly offer, in some cases, several advantages over other types of ILs, including, in specific cases and applications, higher thermal stability, lower viscosity, and higher stability in strongly basic or strongly reducing conditions”.
References:
Featured Products
15-7565 Triethyl(octyl)phosphonium chloride (45-55% solution), CYPHOS® IL 541W (482647-71-2)
97-7625 Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (49-51 wt% solution in toluene) [CYPHOS® 443T PHOSPHONIUM SALT] (2304-30-5)
97-7620 Tetrabutylphosphonium chloride (68-72 wt% solution in methanol) [CYPHOS® 443M PHOSPHONIUM SALT] (2304-30-5)
15-7575 Tributyl(octyl)phosphonium chloride, min. 93%, CYPHOS® IL 253 (56315-19-6)
15-7585 Tributyltetradecyl phosphonium chloride, (ca. 50% in water), CYPHOS® 4345W (81741-28-8)
15-7590 Trihexyl(octyl)phosphonium chloride, min. 95%, CYPHOS® IL 356 (850134-85-9)
15-6382 Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, min. 95% CYPHOS IL 101 (258864-54-9)
Related Products:
All products sold in collaboration with Solvay
Phosphorus Ligands and Compounds Booklet